| Forte, Antonino | ||
| "Kuwabara's misleading thesis on Bukhara and the family name An" (1996) | ||
| Journal of the American Oriental Society, 1996, vol. 116 (Oct/Dec), p. 645-652. | ||
| Abstract: Kuwabara Jitsuzo's argument regarding the origin of the surname An is examined. In 1924, commenting on a manuscript by Chen Yuan, Jitsuzo argued that bestowal of the surname An on certain foreigners during the medieval period indicated Bukhara as their place of origin. He based this argument on the assumption that the place-name Anxi had come to be used by medieval times in reference to Bukhara. Kuwabara thus challenged Chen Yuan's assertion that the 12th-century figure An Shitong originally came from Parthia. A close analysis of Kuwabara's arguments and the textual evidence at his, and our, disposal, however, reveals the weakness of his position, especially with regard to An Shitong, and his forced (mis)interpretation of some vital points that would have undermined his assertions. [Author] | ||
| Foss, Clive | ||
| "The coinage of Tigranes the Great: problems, suggestions and a new find" (1986) | ||
| Numismatic Chronicle, 1986, vol. 146, p. 19-66. | ||
| Fowler, Richard | ||
| "'Most Fortunate Roots': Tradition and Legitimacy in Parthian Royal Ideology" (2005) | ||
| In: Hekster, Olivier & Fowler, Richard (eds.), Imaginary Kings: Royal Images in the Ancient Near East, Greece and Rome. Oriens et Occidens 11. | ||
| Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2005, p. 125-156. | ||
| Abstract: "Richard Fowler's wide-ranging survey of Parthian royal ideology (125-56) seeks to demonstrate that the limited evidence available for reconstructing this ideology is insufficient to support the proposition that it drew exclusively or even primarily on Achaemenid models. Analysis of monumental art at Behistun and of royal titulature, portraits, and "virtues" consistently reveals the influence of multiple sources in the making of Parthian royal imagery and ideology, from which Fowler concludes persuasively that the Parthians, like all the other regional powers in the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia after the collapse of the Hellenistic kingdoms, were actively and creatively experimenting in the representation of royal power." [Carlos F. Noreña, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2006.07.06] | ||
| Foy Vaillant, Jean | ||
| Arsacidarum imperium, sive regum Parthorum historia. Ad fidem numismatum accommodata, Tomus Primus (1728) | ||
| Paris: C. Moette, 1728, 892 p. | ||
| Abstract:
2 vols. Vol. 2 has title: Achaemenidarum imperium, sive regum Ponti, Bosphori, et Bithyniae historia. Ed. by Charles de Valois. The first volume, "Arsacidarum Imperium" of Jean Vaillant (b. 1632, d. 1706), was published posthumously. "Vaillant discussed the Arsacid coinage with much historical learning, but his erroneous supposition about the era employed led to an entire misconception as to the main outlines of the numismatic arrangement." [Wroth, BMC Parthia, xiii] "Foy-Vaillant (1632-1706), a numismatist, was sent to the Levant by Colbert sometime after 1670 and collected coins from Greece, Italy, Persia, and Egypt." - Blackmer #121. | ||
| Franke, P. R. & Hirmer, Max | ||
| Die griechische Münze (1964) | ||
| München: Hirmer, 1964, 173 p. | ||
| Abstract: See plate 212, 781. | ||
| Franz, Heinrich Gerhard | ||
| "Die Kunst von Palmyra zwischen Okzident und Orient. (Zum Problem der parthischen Kunst)" (1987) | ||
| In: Palmyra. Geschichte, Kunst und Kultur der syrischen Oasenstadt. Einführende Beiträge und Katalog zur Ausstellung. - 1987. - S. 163-178. - (Linzer Archäologische Forschungen. Bd. 16) | ||
| "Die Architektur in Palmyra zwischen Orient und Okzident. Zum Problem der parthischen Architektur" (1987) | ||
| In: Palmyra. Geschichte, Kunst und Kultur der syrischen Oasenstadt. Einführende Beiträge und Katalog zur Ausstellung. - 1987. - S. 200-213. - (Linzer Archäologische Forschungen. Bd. 16) | ||
| Fraser, James Baillie | ||
| Historical and descriptive account of Persia from the earliest ages to the present time (1834) | ||
| In: Harper's family library no. 70 | ||
| New York: Harper, 1834, 345 p. | ||
| Abstract: Full title: Historical and descriptive account of Persia from the earliest ages to the present time with a detailed view of its resources, government, population, natural history, and the character of its inhabitants, particularly of the wandering tribes : including a description of Afghanistan and Beloochistan | ||
| Freeman, Charles | ||
| "Interlude Two. Celts and Parthians" (1996) | ||
| In: Egypt, Greece, and Rome : civilizations of the ancient Mediterranean | ||
| New York: Oxford University Press, 1996, p. 294-298. | ||
| Freeman, P. W. M. & Kennedy, David (eds.) | ||
| Defence of the Roman and Byzantine East: Proceedings of a Colloquium held at the University of Sheffield in April 1986 | ||
| In: British Archaeological Reports S297, 2 vols., British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, Monograph 8 | ||
| Oxford: 1986 | ||
| Abstract:
Volume 1 Bauzou, T., 'Deux Milliares Inédites de Vaballath en Jordaine du Norde', 1-8 Bivar, A.D.H., 'Bardes Skleros, the Buwayhids, and the Marwanids at Hisn Ziyad in the Light of an unnoticed Arabic Inscription', 9-21 Bowsher, J., 'The Frontier Post of Medain Saleh', 23-29 Braund, D., 'The Caucasian Frontier: Myth, Exploration and the Dynamics of Imperialism', 31-49 Campbell, D., 'What Happened at Hatra? The Problems of the Severan Siege Operations', 51-58 Coulston, J.C., 'Roman, Parthian and Sassanid Tactical Developments', 59-75 Crow, J., 'A Review of the Physical Remains of the Frontier of Cappadocia', 77-91 Dabrowa, E., 'The Frontier of Syria in the First Century AD', 93-108 Devijver, H., 'Equestrian Officers from the East', 109-225 De Vries, B., 'Umm El-Jimal in the First Three Centuries AD', 227-241 Eadie, J., 'The Evolution of the Roman Frontier in Arabia', 243-252 Freeman, P.W., 'The Province of Cilicia and its Origins', 253-275 French, D., 'Cappadocia and the Eastern Limes: Aspects of Romanisation at Amaseia in Cappadocia', 277-285 Gichon, M., 'Aspects of a Roman Army in War according to the Bellum Judaicum of Josephus', 287-310 Gregory, S., 'Road, Wall or Rock: Interpreting an Aerial Photograph from the Jebel Sinjar', 325-328 Harper, R., 'Upper Zohar: A Preliminary Excavation Report', 329-336 Hart, S., 'Nabataeans and Romans in Southern Jordan', 337-342 Hopwood, K., 'Towers, Territory and Terror: How the East was Held', 343-356 Invernizzi, Kifrin and the Euphrates Limes, 357-381 Isaac, B., 'Reflections on the Roman Army in the East', 383-395 Kennedy, D.L., '"European" soldiers and the Severan siege of Hatra', 397-410 Keppie, L.J.F., 'Legions in thr East from Augustus to Trajan', 411-429 Killick, A.C., 'Udruh and the Southern Frontier', 431-446 Lander, J., 'Did Hadrian Abandon Arabia?', 447-453 Lee, A.D.H., 'Embassies as Evidence for the Movement of Military Intelligence Between the Roman and Sasanian Empires', 455-461 Liebeschuetz, J.H.W.G., 'Generals, Federates and Buccelarii in Roman Armies around AD 400', 463-474 Lieu, S., 'Captives, Refugees and Exiles: A Study of the Cross-Frontier Movements and Contacts between Rome and Persia from Valerian to Jovian', 474-505 Lieu, S., 'Urbanism in Hellenstic, Parthian and Roman Mesopotamia', 507-508 Lightfoot, C.S., 'Tilli - A Late Roman Equites Fort on the Tigris?', 509-529 MacAdam, H.I., 'Some Notes on the Ummayad Occupation of North-East Jordan', 531-547 Matthews, J.F., 'Ammianus and the Eastern Frontier in the Fourth Century: A Participant's View', 549-564 Mitford, T.B., 'A Late Roman Fortress South of Lake Van', 565-573 Mor, M., 'The Roman Army in Eretz-Israel in the Years AD 70-132', 575-602 >O'Connor, M.P., 'The Etymology of "Saracen" in Aramaic and Pre-Islamic Contexts', 603-632 Parker, S.T., 'Retrospective on the Arabian Frontier after a Decade of Research', 633-660 Riley, D.N., 'Archaeological Air Photography and the Eastern Limes', 661-676 Rubin, Z., 'Diplomacy and War in the Relations between Byzantium and the Sassanids in the Fifth Century AD', 677-695 Villeneuve, F., 'Ad-Diyatheth: Village et Castellum Romains et Byzantins à l'Est du Jebel Druze (Syrie)', 697-715 Whitby, M., 'Procopius and the Development of Roman Defences in Upper Mesopotamia', 717-735 Whitby, M., 'Procopius' Descriptions of Dara (Buildings 2.1-3)', 737-783 Graf, D.N., 'The Nabataeans and the Decapolis', 785-796 Index, 797 | ||
| Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. | ||
| "Some Recent archaeological Works on the Tanganyika Coast" (1958) | ||
| Man, 1958, vol. 58, no. July, p. 106-112. | ||
| Abstract: Mentions three Parthian coins found in the Beit al-Amani Museum, Zanzibar. Not properly accessioned, the coins were in an envelope marked "Ctesiphon" containing five coins: Parthian first century, second century and one uncertain; two Sasanian, one of Ardashir I and one uncertain. | ||
| "The Times of Ignorance : a Review of Pre-Islamic and Early Isalmic Settlements on the East African Coast" (1988) | ||
| In: Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P., The Swahili coast, 2nd to 19th centuries : Islam, Christianity and commerce in Eastern Africa; Variorum collected studies series ; CS275 | ||
| London: Variourum, 1988, p. 4-17. | ||
| Abstract: Mentions some Parthian and Sasanian coins recovered in parts of the Eastern African coast, p. 5. | ||
| Frendo, David | ||
| "Cassius Dio and Herodian on the First Sasanian Offensive against the Eastern Provinces of the Roman Empire (229–232)" (2006) | ||
| Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 2006, tome/ser. New, vol. 16, p. 25-36. | ||
| "Roman Expansion and the Graeco-Iranian World: Carrhae, Its Explanation and Aftermath in Plutarch" (2007) | ||
| Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 2007, vol. 17 | ||
| Frézouls, E. | ||
| "Les relations romano-parthes avant l'époque flavienne" (1995) | ||
| In: Frézouls, E. & Jacquemin, A. (ed.), Les relations internationales. Actes du colloque de Strasbourg, vol. 13, 15-17 juin 1993 | ||
| Paris: de Boccard, 1995, p. 479-498. | ||
| Abstract: Université des sciences humaines de Strasbourg. Travaux du Centre de recherches sur le Proche-Orient et la Grèce antiques. 13. | ||
| Friedländer, Julius & Sallet, Alfred F. C. von | ||
| Das Konigliche Munzkabinet [Catalogue of the Berlin Cabinet] (1877) | ||
| Berlin: 1877, 2 ed., 336 p. | ||
| Froelich, Erasmus | ||
| Elementa Numismatica | ||
| Vienna: | ||
| Abstract: Ref. Tab. xiv. n. 6. B.D. Also see John Reinhold Forster, "Observations on the Parthian Epochas Found on a Coin in the Imperial Cabinet at Vienna" (1776). | ||
| Regum veterum numismata anecdota, aut perrara notis illsuatrata. Collata opera et studio Francisci Antonii S. R. I. comitis de Khevenhüller… (1752) | ||
| Wien: 1752 | ||
| Abstract: Antike Münzen - bes. parthische - und ihre Geschichte aus der Sammlung Khevenhüller | ||
| Dubia de Minnisari aliorumque Armeniae regum numis et Arsacidarum epocha nuper vulgatis proposita (1754) | ||
| Wien: Trattner, 1754, 104 p. | ||
| Frontinus, Sextus Julius | ||
| Strategematicon | ||
| Abstract: "In the Strategems of Frontinus there are several detailed references to military events of the period from 50 B.C. to A.D. 50, based on excellent and extensive accounts. The difficulty in dealing with these is one common to all such isolated bits of information, namely that of placing them in the narrative." [Debevoise (1938), p. xxix] | ||
| Frost, Dillon | ||
| "Parthia and its coins" (1991) | ||
| Calcoin News, 1991, vol. 45, no. 4 (Fall), p. 100-101. | ||
| "Coins of the Parthia-Rome confrontation" (1992) | ||
| Calcoin News, 1992, vol. 46, no. 4 (Fall), p. 100-101. | ||
| Frumkin, Grégoire | ||
| Archaeology in Soviet Central Asia (1970) | ||
| In: Handbuch der Orientalistik, 7. Abt., VI (or II?) Bd., l. Abschnitt | ||
| Leyden: Brill, 1970, xviii+217 p. | ||
| Abstract:
See especially, "The Parthians". Has superb bibliography plus plates of the Nisa rhytons. Covers Kazakhstan & Kirgiziya and the Fergana Valley. General, stone age, bronze age. Central, East, North, West, South & South-East Kazakhstan. Kirgiziya: stone, bronze, Saka ages, Wu-sun, Hun, Turks. Survey by regions, historical excursus: Kushan Empire. Tadzhikistan: stone, bronze age, Pamirs. Uzbekistan: Khorezm and its borderlands; the deltas of the Oxus and Jaxartes, stone, bronze ages, primitive and ancient periods, middle ages, synopsis by sites. Uzbekistan: excluding Khorezm: stone age, Kushan & post Kushan period, survey by regions, Surkhan-Darya region, Bukhara oasis & Varakhsha, Samarkand, Afrasiab, Tali-Barzu, Biya-Naiman. Turkemenistan: stone, copper and bronze ages, Parthian empire, history, general archaeology. Epilogue, copious bibliography, synoptic table of authors quoted. Scholarly books on this subject are quite obscure. This is a major contribution to the study. [Publisher] | ||
| Frye, Richard N. | ||
| "A Parthian Silver Bowl" (1954) | ||
| Artibus Asiae, 1954, vol. 17, p. 143-144. | ||
| "Parthian Dipinti" (1955) | ||
| In: Yale Classical Studies, vol. 14 | ||
| New Haven: Yale University Press, 1955, p. 196-200. | ||
| "Inscriptions from Dura-Europos" (1955) | ||
| In: Yale Classical Studies, vol. XIV | ||
| New Haven: 1955 | ||
| "K voprosu o Padenii Parfyanskogo Tsarstva" [On the fall of the Parthian kingdom] (1956) | ||
| Vestnik Drevnei Istorii, 1956, no. 4, p. 113-119. | ||
| "Remarks on the Paikuli and Sar Mashad Inscriptions" (1957) | ||
| Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 1957, vol. 20, no. 3/4 (Dec), p. 702-708. | ||
| "Parthian and Sassanian History since World War I" (1960) | ||
| Diogenes, 1960, vol. 29, p. 102-110. | ||
| The Heritage of Persia (1963) | ||
| In: The World histories of civilization | ||
| Cleveland: World Pub. Co., 1963, xiii+301 p. | ||
| Abstract:
MWW: Excellent discussion of social and cultural history of Iran from arrival of Medes and Persians (early first millennium BCE) to Islamic conquest (seventh century CE). A London 1962 edition also seen. | ||
| "Symbols, Monograms and Devices in Ancient Iran" (1964) | ||
| In: J. M. Unvala Memorial Volume | ||
| Bombay: 1964, p. 181-184. | ||
| "The Charisma of Kingship in Ancient Iran" (1964) | ||
| Iranica Antiqua, 1964, vol. 4 (fasc 1), p. 36-54. | ||
| Abstract: Also seen referenced to vol. 6 vice 4. | ||
| "Parthia in the Time of Artabanos" (1966) | ||
| Anjoman-e Farhang-e Iran-e Bastan (The Ancient Iranian Cultural Society Bulletin), 1966, vol. 4, p. 41-45. | ||
| "The Parthian Inscription of Kal-e Janggan" (1966) | ||
| Anjoman-e Farhang-e Iran-e Bastan (The Ancient Iranian Cultural Society Bulletin), 1966, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 46-51. | ||
| "Parthia" (1966) | ||
| In: Encyclopaedia Britannica 17 | ||
| 1966, 413 p. | ||
| "Parthian and Sasanian Persia" (1967) | ||
| In: Millar, Fergus (ed.), Rome and her Neighbors | ||
| London: 1967, p. 249-269. | ||
| "Inscribed Sasanian Seals from the Nayeri Collection" (1970) | ||
| In: Forschungen zur Kunst Asiens. In Memoriam Kurt Erdmann | ||
| 1970, p. 18-24. | ||
| "Sasanidica in Fars" (1976) | ||
| In: Akten des VII. Internationalen Kongresses für Iranische Kunst und Archäologie : München, 7.-10. September 1976. Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran. Ergänzungsband 6 | ||
| Berlin: D. Reimer, 1977, p. 335-341. | ||
| Abstract: Discusses the questionable methods of dating monuments and sites in the Fars province. Includes plate of the archer carved on a boulder near Qir | ||
| "Pahlavi Forgeries" (1977) | ||
| Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1977, no. 1, p. 1-6. | ||
| "The Sasanian system of walls for defense" (1979) | ||
| In: Islamic Iran and Central Asia (7th-12th centuries). (=Collected Studies Series, CS 99), ch. III | ||
| London: 1979 | ||
| Abstract: Orig. in: Studies in Memory of Gaston Wiet. Ed. M. Rosen-Ayalon. Jerusalem 1977, pp. 7-15. | ||
| "Commerce. iii. In the Parthian and Sasanian Period" (1982) | ||
| In: Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopædia Iranica Volume VI: Fascicle 1: Coffeehouse - Communism IV | ||
| Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda, 1982, p. 61-64. | ||
| "The political history of Iran under the Sasanians" (1983) | ||
| In: Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran. The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods, vol. 3, part 1 | ||
| Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, p. 116-180. | ||
| "The Parthians on the Plateau" (1983) | ||
| In: Frye, Richard N., The history of ancient Iran, Chapt. 8 : Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft ; 3. Abt., T. 7 | ||
| München: C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1984, p. 205-247. | ||
| The history of ancient Iran (1984) | ||
| In: Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft ; 3. Abt., T. 7 | ||
| München: C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1984 | ||
| Abstract: See chapters VII and VIII | ||
| "Greco-Bactrians and Parthians" (1996) | ||
| In: The heritage of Central Asia from antiquity to the Turkish expansion, Chapter 7 | ||
| Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 1996, p. 109-118. | ||
| Abstract: Briefly discusses the influence of the Parthians on Greco-Bactrian history. | ||
| The Heritage of Central Asia from Antiquity to the Turkish Expansion (1996) | ||
| Princeton: 1996 | ||
| Abstract: See review: B. K. Waghmar, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 11 (2000). | ||
| "Parthian and Sasanian history of Iran" (2000) | ||
| In: Curtis, John E. (ed.), Mesopotamia and Iran in the Parthian and Sasanian Periods : Rejection and Revival c. 238 B.C. and 642 A.D. | ||
| London: 2000, p. 23-34. | ||
| "Zoroastrians in Central Asia before Islam" (2002) | ||
| In: Godrej, Pheroza J. & Mistree, Firoza Punthakey (eds.), A Zoroastrian tapestry : art, religion & culture | ||
| Middletown, NJ: Grantha, 2002, p. 82-89. | ||
| "L'énigme du IIe siècle chez les Parthes" (2002) | ||
| In: Boucharlat, Rémy (ed.), Les Parthes: l'histoire d'un empire méconnu, rival de Rome | ||
| Dossiers d'Archeologie, 2002, no. 271 (Mar), p. 16-17. | ||
| Abstract: Les sources qui concernent l'histoire des Arsacides au IIe siècle de notre ère sont très maigres. Ce siècle correspond à une époque de profonds changements linguistiques, religieux et commerciaux; les relations qu'entretiennent les Parthes avec l'empire kouchan sont très importantes, mais nous sommes encore mal informés sur leur nature exacte. Grâce à la découverte de nouveaux documents en langue bactrienne, et à la fouille de plusieurs sites parthes et kouchans, nous pouvons entretenir l'espoir d'améliorer nos connaissances historiques sur cette période. [Publisher] | ||
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