| Eiland, Murray L. (continued) | ||
| Parthians In Nineveh: Identifying a Nomadic Administration (2003) | ||
| 2003 | ||
| "Parthian Coins: Lesion Lessons" (2004) | ||
| Minerva, 2004, vol. 15, no. 1 (Jan/Feb), p. 45-47. | ||
| Eilers, Wilhelm | ||
| "Iran and Mesopotamia" (1983) | ||
| In: Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran. The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods, vol. 3, part 1 | ||
| Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, p. 481-504. | ||
| El-Khouri, Lamia Salem | ||
| The Nabataean Terracotta Figurines (2001) | ||
| Manheim: University of Manheim, 2001 | ||
| Abstract: Extensive comparisons of Parthian and Nabataen art. | ||
| Elmen, J. F. | ||
| "Some observations on the planchets, striking technique and dies of the Parthian drachm forgeries" (1994-1995) | ||
| Bulletin on Counterfeits, 1994, vol. 19, no. 2, p. 34-35. | ||
| Abstract: Elmen concludes that, by using a binocular microscope, he positively determined that a representative group of the suspect Parthian drachms illustrated by A. Walker (in the same issue, pp. 2-33) are definitely false. | ||
| Elsen, Jean | ||
| Sale Catalog -- Jean Elsen Fixed Price List 212 (2000) | ||
| Brussels: Jean Elsen, s.a., 2000, vol. 212 | ||
| Abstract: Illustrates coins of Persis (15), Characene (1), Elymais (3), Parthia (28), Sasanian (29), and Bactria (6). | ||
| Elwell-Sutton, Laurence Paul | ||
| A guide to Iranian area study (1952) | ||
| Ann Arbor: J. W. Edwards, 1952, 235 p. | ||
| Engelmann, H. | ||
| "Eine Victoria Caesaris und das Parthermonument (IvE 721)" (1996) | ||
| Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 1996, vol. 113, p. 91-93. | ||
| Engle, Anita | ||
| "Puzzle of the Royal Glass Rhytons" (1985) | ||
| In: Engle, Anita (ed.), Readings in Glass History, vol 19 | ||
| Phoenix, 1985, p. 100. | ||
| Abstract: Traces the origins of Glass Rhytons from the Roman period and their association with the Parthian Empire. Also includes articles on Sidonian glass and relationship with glass found at Begram in Afghanistan. | ||
| English, Paul Ward | ||
| "Qanats and Lifeworlds in Iranian Plateau Villages" (1998) | ||
| In: Transformations of Middle Eastern Natural Environments: Legacies and Lessons. Bulletin series / Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies ; no. 103 | ||
| New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998, p. 187-205. | ||
| Abstract: Through a review of the literature on qanat history, this article provides an overview of one of the most significant hydraulic technologies of the pre-modern Middle East. The article covers qanat origins, diffusion and construction techniques, then compares the productivity and sustainability of qanats with modern deep well systems powered by motorized pumps. The replacement of qanats with deep wells has serious implications for the ground water resources of much of the Middle East. The profound importance of qanats in shaping the lifeworlds of villagers in pre-modern Iranian plateau settlements has meant that the shift towards reliance on deep well systems has had ramifications for plateau society that go far beyond water resource exploitation. [Author] | ||
| Enoki, K., Koshelenko, Gennadij A. & Haidary, Z. | ||
| "The Yüeh-chih and the migrations" (1994) | ||
| In: Harmatta, Janos (ed.), History of Civilizations of Central Asia, vol. 2 : The development of sedentary and nomadic civilizations: 700 B.C. to A.D. 250 | ||
| Paris: UNESCO Publishing, 1994, p. 171-189. | ||
| Abstract:
Contents: "Introduction" by J. Harmatta "Ancient Iranian Nomads in western Central Asia" by A. Abetekov and H. Yusupov "Media and Achaemenid Iran" by M.A. Dandamayev "Alexander and his successors in Central Asia" by A.H. Dani and P. Bernard "The Greek kingdoms of Centra Asia" by P. Bernard "Parthia" by G.A. Koshelenko and V.N. Pilipko "Nomads in eastern central Asia" by N. Ishjamts "The Yüeh-chih and their migrations" by K. Enoki, G.A. Koshelenko and Z. Haidary "The Sakas and Indo-Parthians" by B.N. Puri "The culture of the Xinjiang Region" by Ma Yong and Wang Binhua "The Western Regions under the Hsiung-nu and the Han" by Ma Yong and Sun Yutang "The Kushans" by B.N. Puri "Economy and social system in Central Asia in the Kushan age" by A.R. Mukhamedjanov "Cities and urban life in the Kushan kingdom" by B.A. Litvinsky "Religions in the Kushan Empire" by J. Harmatta, with the contributions of B.N. Puri, L. Lelekov, S. Humayan, D.C. Sircar "Kushan art" by G.A. Pugachenkova, S.R. Dar, R.C. Sharma, M.A. Joyenda, in collaboration with H. Siddiqi "Languages and scripts in Graeco-Bactria and the Saka kingdoms" by J. Harmatta "Languages and literature in the Kushan Empire" by J. Harmatta "States in north-western Central Asia" by N.N. Negmatov "The nomads of northern Central Asia after the invasion of Alexander" by Y.A Zadneprovskiy "The rise of Sasania Iran" by B.A. Litvinsky, with the contributions of M. Hussain Shah and R. Shabani Samghabadi "Conclusion" by J. Harmatta | ||
| Erdmann, Kurt | ||
| "Partho-Sasanid Art" (1930) | ||
| Apollo, 1930, vol. 12, p. 422-426. | ||
| Abstract: Traite principalement de l'art sassanide | ||
| "Partho-Sassanian Ceramics" (1935) | ||
| The Burlington Magazine, 1935, vol. 67, p. 71-77. | ||
| "Iran. Parther und Sasaniden by Roman Ghirshman" (book review) (1964) | ||
| In: Gnomon. Kritische Zeitschrift für die gesamte klassische Altertumswissenschaft, vol. 36 | ||
| 1964, p. 485-493. | ||
| "Eine arsakidische Fayenceschale" (1964) | ||
| In: Bittel, Kurt; Heinrich, Ernst; Hrouda, Barthel & Nagel, Wolfram (eds.), Vorderasiatische Archäologie: Studien und Aufsätze Anton Moortgat zum fünfundsechzigsten Geburtstag gewidmet von Kollegen, Freunden und Schülern | ||
| Berlin: Gebr. Mann, 1964, p. 85-87. | ||
| Ettinghausen, R. | ||
| "Parthian and Sasanian Pottery" (1938) | ||
| In: Pope, Arthur Upham & Ackerman, Phyllis (eds.), A Survey of Persian art from prehistoric times to the present (1981 Centennial edition), vol. 1 | ||
| New York: Maxwell Aley Literary Associates, 1981, 3 ed., p. 646-664. | ||
| Eusebius Pamphili | ||
| The ecclesiastical history / Eusebius ; with an English translation by Kirsopp Lake (in 2 vols) (1932) | ||
| In: The Loeb classical library - Greek authors ; 153, 265 | ||
| Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1932 | ||
| Abstract: Author is Eusebius of Caesarea, Bishop of Caesarea, ca. 260-ca. 340 | ||
| Eutropius (4th cent) | ||
| Historiæ Romanæ breviarium : cum versione Anglica, in qua verbum de verbo exprimitur; notis quoque & indice: or, Eutropius's Compendious history of Rome / together with an English translation, as literal as possible, notes and an index by John Clarke (4th0攄 | ||
| New York: Evert Duyckinck, 1805, 3 ed. | ||
| Abstract: See 8.6 for plague story concerning Roman army in Mesopotamia. | ||
| Evans, J. Gilbert | ||
| "Oriental coins donated by J. Gilbert Evans" (1987) | ||
| The Numismatist, 1987, vol. 100 (Dec), p. 2580-83. | ||
| Abstract: ANA Museum holdings. | ||
| Fabrègues, Chantal | ||
| "The Indo-Parthian Beginnings of Gandhara Sculpture" (1987) | ||
| Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1987, tome/ser. New, vol. 1 | ||
| Abstract: Excavations at the Gandharan site of Butkara (Pakistan) have yielded sculpture, dated numismatically around the beginning of the period of Parthian domination in the area, which displays both subject matter and style similar to that of objects found in the Indo-Greek levels at Sirkap (Taxila). For example, the Parthian-style jewelry represented on Butkara sculpture to that worn by bracket figures from Taxila. The costume of the figures on the Butkara sculptures is undeniably Parthian; it is identical to that shown on the Parthian bronze statue from Shami. [C.A. Bromberg] | ||
| Faizkhah, Said; Azizipoure; Tahereh; Nadooshan, F.; & Niah, Sabir Hassan | ||
| "The socio-political condition of Azerbaijan in the Parthian period" (2005) | ||
| Journal of the Classical and Medieval Numismatic Society, 2005, tome/ser. 2, vol. 6, no. 3 (Sep), p. 5-11. | ||
| Abstract: Illustrates and discusses 21 Parthian coins in the Tabriz museum. | ||
| Falk, H. | ||
| "Names and Weights inscribed on some vessels from the silver hoard" (2001) | ||
| Journal des savants, 2001, no. Jul-Dec | ||
| Abstract: An annex to François Baratte's article, "Orient et Occident : le témoignage d'une trouvaille d'argenterie d'époque parthe en Asie centrale" | ||
| Fard, Seyfollah Kambakhsh | ||
| Goor Khomre-haye Ashkani [Potteries/Jars from the Parthian Graves] (1998) | ||
| Tehran: Markaz-e Nashr-e Danishgahi, 1998 | ||
| Farkas, Alexander | ||
| Die Ikonographie der Partherkönige. Anhang: Unedierte griechischer Münzen (1933) | ||
| Aiud-Magyenyed, 1933, 17 p. | ||
| Die Ikonographie der Partherkönige (1933) | ||
| Paris: 1933 | ||
| L'iconographie des rois parthes : supplément monnaies grecques inéditées (1934) | ||
| Aiud-Magyenyed, 1934, 13 p. | ||
| Farr, Edward | ||
| Ancient history : containing the history of the Egyptians,Assyrians, Chaldeans, Medes, Lydians, Carthaginians, Persians, Macedonians, the Seleucidae in Syria, and Parthians, from Rollin, and other authentic sources,both ancient and modern (1856) | ||
| Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, Keys & Co., 1856 | ||
| Abstract:
Note: "That portion which has been derived from Rollin, is entirely rewritten."--Pref. See pp. 341-362 for "The History of the Parthians" chapter. | ||
| Farrokh, Kaveh | ||
| Parthian is not Turkish (2003) | ||
| 2003 | ||
| Shadows in the Desert: Ancient Persia at War (2007) | ||
| Osprey, 2007 | ||
| Abstract: The text outlines Persia's contributions to world civilization in areas such as mythology, technology, sciences, literature, militaria, the arts, music, architecture and garments. | ||
| Fehervari, Geza | ||
| Ceramics of the Islamic world in the Tareq Rajab Museum (2000) | ||
| New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000 | ||
| Abstract: The Tareq Rajab Museum is in Kuwait. See chapter one, "The Pre- and Early Islamic Periods (2nd to 8th centuries)". | ||
| Ferguson, R. James | ||
| Rome and Parthia: Power Politics and Diplomacy Across Cultural Frontiers (2005) | ||
| In: Research Paper No. 12, December 2005. The Centre for East-West Cultural and Economic Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bond University, Australia | ||
| 2005 | ||
| Ferrero, Guglielmo | ||
| "Caesar's Last Ambition-The Conquest of Parthia" (1907) | ||
| In: Zimmern, Alfred E. (tr.), The greatness and decline of Rome, Vol 2 : Julius Caesar | ||
| New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1907 | ||
| Abstract: Translation of Guglielmo Ferrero's Grandezza e decadenza di Roma, publish in Milano, Fratelli Treves, 1902-04. | ||
| Ferrier, Ronald W. (ed.) | ||
| The arts of Persia (1989) | ||
| In: Yale Classical Studies | ||
| New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989, 334 p. | ||
| Abstract: MWW: Brief historical surveys for each major historical period of Iran, including Elam (ca. 3000-550 BCE), Achaemenid empire (550-330 BCE), Parthian empire (250 BCE-224 CE), and Sasanian empire (224-651 CE). Superb plates. | ||
| Fink, R. O. | ||
| "Victoria Parthica and Kindred Victoriae" (1942) | ||
| In: Harmon, A. M. & Bellinger, Alfred R. (eds.), Yale Classical Studies, vol. 8 | ||
| New Haven: Yale University Press, 1942, p. 81-102. | ||
| Fink, R. O., Gilliam, J. F., Henning, W. B. & Welles, C. B. | ||
| The Excavations at Dura-Europos. Final Report V. Part I. The Parchments and Papyrii (1959) | ||
| In: Yale Classical Studies | ||
| New Haven: Yale University Press, 1945 | ||
| Finkbeiner, Uwe (ed.) | ||
| "Keramik der Seleukidischen und Parthischen Zeit aus den Grabungen in Uruk-Warka" (1992) | ||
| Baghdader Mitteilungen, 1992, vol. 23, p. 473-580. | ||
| Materialien zur Archäologie der Seleukiden- und Partherzeit im südlichen Babylonien und im Golfgebiet : Ergebnisse der Symposien 1987 und 1989 in Blaubeuren (1993) | ||
| Tubingen: E. Wasmuth, 1993, xv+294 p. | ||
| Abstract: English, French, and German. At head of title: Deutsches Archaologisches Institut. Abteilung Baghdad. Includes bibliographical references. | ||
| Fiorelli, Giuseppe | ||
| Catalogo del Museo Nazionale di Napoli : Medagliere, Vol. I, Monete Greche (1870) | ||
| Napoli: Museo nazionale di Napoli, 1870 | ||
| Abstract: Listings of Parthian coins, without illustrations, museum catalog numbers 9399 through 9414. | ||
| Firdawsi | ||
| Shahnamah (1996) | ||
| In: Levy, Reuben (transl.), The epic of the kings : Shah-nama, the national epic of Persia | ||
| Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda, 1996, 2 ed., 423 p. | ||
| Abstract:
An abridged translation by Reuben Levy; with a foreword by Ehsan Yarshater, a preface by Amin Banani, and and a new introduction by Dick Davis See XXI Rule of the Ashkani [Arsacid or Parthian] Kings, p. 251 | ||
| Fischer, H. | ||
| "Überlegungen aus wirtschaftshistorischer Sicht zum Scheitern der Grossoffensive des Römischen Reiches gegen die Parther 113/14 bis 117" (1979) | ||
| Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte, 1979, vol. 2, p. 183-201. | ||
| Fischer, John E. | ||
| Mithradates I and the emergence of the Parthian Empire (1962) | ||
| Brown University, 1962, iii+85 p. | ||
| Abstract: Typescript. Thesis (A.M.)--Brown University. Bibliography: l. 81-85. | ||
| Fischer, Thomas | ||
| "Methodische Bemerkung zur historischen Auswertung antiker Münzhortfunde an Hand der Silberfunde von Susa: Depotfund und Münzversteck" (1968) | ||
| Schweizer Münzblätter (Gazette Numismatique Suisse), 1968, vol. 18, no. 69 (Feb), p. 9-13. | ||
| Abstract: A source for information on the Susa hoard (IGCH 1809). | ||
| Untersuchungen zum Partherkrieg Antiochos' VII. im Rahmen der Seleukidengeschichte (1970) | ||
| Tubingen: 1970, 124 p. | ||
| Abstract: Parthian War, 131-129 B.C. Includes bibliographical references. | ||
| "King Kamniskirès" Basilewz Kamnsc[e]irou (in Greek) (1971) | ||
| Chiron, 1971, vol. 1, p. 169-175. | ||
| Abstract: Fischer analyse la portée historique des monnaies de Kamniskirès Ier Nicéphore et de Kamniskirès Soter en Elymaïde (milieu du deuxième s. av. J.C.), qui viennent d'être cités à propos des trésors de Susiane. [P. Nastor] | ||
| Fityan, Ahmad Malik | ||
| 7 sanawat fi Tall Aswad (1979) | ||
| 1979, 248 p. | ||
| Fontana, Maria Vittoria (ed.) | ||
| La collezione Tonizza nel Museo della Chiesa Nuova di Assisi. Le monete partiche, sasanidi e islamiche (2001) | ||
| In: Studi e Materiali 9 | ||
| Roma: Istituto italiano di numismatica, 2001 | ||
| Formenton, Fabio | ||
| Oriental Rugs and Carpets (translated by Pauline L. Phillips) (1972) | ||
| New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972 | ||
| Abstract:
Versione inglese de "Il libro del Tappeto" di Fabio Formenton. Under the heading "The Seleucid and Parthian Dynasties," Formenton writes: "By contrast [to Cyrus], ther is no evidence to validate the use of carpets during the reigns of the other Achaemenian rulers, but there is reliable evidence of the existence of this art during the reigns of the two successive dynasties (Seleucid 312-120 BC and Parthian 170 BC-AD 226)." Unfortunately, he cites none of the evidence. | ||
| Forrer, L. | ||
| The Weber collection - Descriptive catalogue of the collection of Greek coins formed by Sir Hermann Weber (1922) | ||
| London: Spink and Son, 1922 | ||
| Abstract: I. Introduction: [Notes culled from "Autobiographical reminiscences of Sir Hermann Weber ..." London, Priv. print., 1919] Auriol find class. Hispania. Gallia. Britannia. Italy and Sicily.--II. Macedon. Thrace. Thessaly. North western, central and southern Greece.--III. pt. I. Asia: Bosporus. Colchis. Pontus. Paphlagonia. Bythynia. Mysia. Troas. Aeolis. Lesbos. Ionia. Caria. Lydia. pt. II. Asia: Phrygia. Lycia. Pamphylia. Pisidia. Cilicia. Cyprus. Galatia. Cappadocia. Syria. Phoenicia. Palestine. Arabia. Mesopotamia. Persia. Persis. Characene. Bactria. Africa: Egypt. Cyrenaica. Libya. Zeugitana. Islands between Africa and Sicily. Numidia. Mauretania. Incerta | ||
| Forster, John Reinhold | ||
| "Observations on the Parthian Epochas Found on a Coin in the Imperial Cabinet at Vienna Published by Father Erasmus Froelich, in his Elementa Numismatica, Tab. xiv. n. 6. B.D." (1776) | ||
| Archaeologia, 1776, vol. 3 | ||
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