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Luttwak, Edward N.
The grand strategy of the Roman Empire from the first century A.D. to the third (1976)
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976, xii+255 p.
 
Lyons, Islay
The Lyre and the Lotus (1968)
London: Harvill, 1968, 318 p.
Abstract: A novel of Ancient Greece and India. Following the memories of one man's life encompassing , the earthquake of AD 115 , war with the Parthians and ending in India where the Bhudda was given form. Author's first novel.
 
Macdonald, George
Catalogue of Greek Coins in the Hunterian Collection, University of Glasgow, vol. 3: Further Asia, Northern Africa, Western Europe (1905)
Glasgow: J. Maclehose and Sons, 1905
Abstract: Plates 29 and 30 illustrate Parthian coins in the Hunterian collection.
 
"The Hellenic Kingdoms of Syria, Bactria, and Parthia" (1922)
In: Rapson, Edward J., The Cambridge History of India, vol. 1, chapt. 17
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1922
 
MacDowall, D. W.
"The dynasty of the later Indo-Parthians" (1965)
Numismatic Chronicle, 1965, tome/ser. 7, vol. 5, p. 137-148.
Abstract: The author analyzes the copper tetradrachms of the winged Nike type issued by the Indo-Parthians in Arachosia (near the modern Kandahar), and on the basis of metrology, paleography and provenance concludes there were two kings named Gondophares, and that the chronological order of the rulers was: Gondophares I, Abdagases, Orthagnes, Pacores, Gondophares II and Arda-Mitra. [Charles K. Parish]
 
"Numismatics, Early Period, Achaemenids and Greeks; Numismatics, the Pre-Muslim Period" (1978)
In: Allchin, F. R. & Hammond, N. (eds.), The Archeology of Afghanistan from the Earliest Times to the Timurid Period
London/New York/San Francisco: Academic Press, 1978, p. 201-214; 245-255.
Abstract: The coinage and currency of pre-Islamic Afghanistan is reviewed and the principal hoards and site finds on which the reconstruction is based are discussed. [Author]
 
"Excavations at Kandahar 1975" (1978)
Afghan Studies, 1978, vol. 1, p. 50-51.
Abstract: The finds include copper coins of a Negama type of Antiochus III, Euthydemus, Eucratides, Pacores and Shapur I, and late Sasanian silver drachms which had been used as Charon's obols.
 
"Impact of Alexander the Great on the Coins of Afghanistan and NW India" (1987)
Numismatic Digest, 1987, vol. 11, p. 5-12.
Abstract: Alexander the Great's concept of an imperial coinage and his system based on the Attic weight standard had a far-reaching effect on the medium of exchange in Afghanistan and later in NW India. A developed fine coinage emerged with the coinage of the Indo-Greeks, Indo-Parthians and Indo-Scythians. (P.L. Gupta)
 
"Indo-Parthian and Kushan coins from excavations in Afghanistan" (1987)
In: Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies Numismatics and archaeology Maharashtra
1987, p. 45-53.
 
"The Interrelation between Indo-Parthian and Kushan Chronology" (1991)
In: Histoire et cultes de l'Asie Central préislamique. Sources écrites et documents archéologiques. Actes du Colloque international du CNRS (Paris, 22-28 novembre 1988)
1991, p. 243-249.
 
"Moneta. Afghanistan e nord-ovest dell'India" (1995)
In: Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica, Classica e Orientale, II suppl, 1971-1994, III, H-Neo
Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 1995, p. 745-751.
Abstract: Through examination of new hoards, the author comments on the state of our knowledge of the coinage of Afghanistan and northwestern India. He also notes in passing the Greek coins of Bactria and the Indo-Scythian coins of Taxila (1st century B.C. to 1st century A.D.), and Indo-Parthian coins up to the invasion of the Kusana (1st century A.D.). (A. Carignani)
 
MacDowall, D. W. & Ibrahim, M.
"Pre-Islamic Coins in Kandahar Museum" (1978)
Afghan Studies, 1978, vol. 1, p. 66-77.
Abstract: The authors list and illustrate 163 coins in the museum (1 gold, 23 silver and 139 copper), including a table of weights. The coins include Mauryan, Indo-Greek, Parthian, Indo-Scythian, Indo-Parthian, Kushan, Sassanian and some medieval issues. (Arnold Spaer)
 
"Pre-Islamic Coins in Herat Museum" (1979)
Afghan Studies, 1979, vol. 2, p. 45-53.
 
MacDowall, D. W. & Taddei, M.
"The Pre-Muslim Period. Numismatics" (1978)
In: Allchin, F. R. & Hammond, N. (eds.), The Archaeology of Afghanistan from earliest times to the Timurid period
London/New York/San Francisco: Academic Press, 1978, p. 245-255.
 
MacDowall, Sophie P. B.
"British Travellers in Afghanistan: Early contributions to archaeology and numismatics" (1998)
In: Jha, Amal Kumar & Garg, Sanjay (eds.), Ex Moneta : Essays on Numismatics, History and Archaeology in honour of Dr. David W. MacDowall, vol. 2
New Delhi: Vedams Books International, 1998
 
Mackay, D.
"The Jewelry of Palmyra and its Significance" (1949)
Iraq, 1949, vol. 11, p. 160ff.
 
MacKay, Dorothy
Ancient Cities of Iraq : A Practical Handbook (1926)
Baghdad: K. MacKenzie, 1926, 1 ed., 82 p.
Abstract: "In compiling this little guide-book, I have observed two limitations. Firstly, the term "ancient" has been taken to mean "pre-Islamic", and, in consequence, no account is given of the Holy Cities or of Moslem buildings of importance, whether religious or secular. Secondly, directions for reaching sites of archeological interest are only given in cases where the journey is practicable and excavation has rendered the buildings of interest to visitors." [Author]
 
MacKenzie, D. N.
"Notes on the transcription of Pahlavi" (1967)
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 1967, vol. 30, no. 1, p. 17-29.
 
"Iranian Languages" (1969)
Current trends in linguistics, 1969, vol. 5, p. 450-477.
 
A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary (1971)
New York: Oxford University Press, 1971
Abstract: A 1987 ed. also reported.
 
"Shapur's Shooting" (1978)
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 1978, vol. 41, p. 499-511.
 
"Some Names from Nisa" (1986)
In: Peredneaziatskii Sbornik IV
Moscow: Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1986, p. 209-215.
 
Iranica diversa (1999)
In: Cereti, Carlo G. & Paul, Ludwig (ed.), 2 volumes; Serie orientale Roma, vol. 84
Roma: Istituto italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente, 1999
Abstract: C. Cereti and L. Paul edited this two-volume collection of MacKenzie's articles with an appendix containing corrections, revisions and additions by MacKenzie and an extensive word index. MacKenzie took the opportunity to re-set some articles to make up for misprints in the original publication (e.g. his review of R. Schmitt (ed.), Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum, particularly the part covering Humbach's article on Khwarezmian), or to improve on the presentation, though an error in the preparation of the book undid some of this. In the reprint of "Shapur's shooting" (1978), only the philological part is included since he did not want to repeat the speculation in the original because it turned out to be an ingenious effort to explain article concerning [a copy of Shapur's Hajiabad inscription on a silver plaque which S. Shaked (1990) was able to demonstrate as a forgery. [Enc. Iranica]
 
MacKenzie, D. N. (ed.)
Corpus inscriptionum Iranicarum, Pt. 2. Inscriptions of the Seleucid and Parthian periods and of Eastern Iran and Central Asia (1976-1980)
London: P. Lund, Humphries, 1976
Abstract: A bibliography of finds related to the excavations at Nisa, near Ashkabad. Cited by Frye, 1984, p. 205.
Contents:
Pt. 2. Inscriptions of the Seleucid and Parthian periods and of Eastern Iran and Central Asia. v. 1. Inscriptions in non-Iranian languages.
-- v. 1. Inscriptions in non-Iranian languages.
-- v. 2. Parthian.
[no. 1] Parthian economic documents from Nisa: Plates I (123 b/w plates, 1976).
[no. 2] Parthian economic documents from Nisa: Plates II (124-330 = 206 b/w plates, 1977).
[no. 3] Parthian economic documents from Nisa: Plates III (1979).
[no. 4] Parthian economic documents from Nisa: Texts I (1977).
-- v. 3. Sogdian.
[no. 1] Dokumentï s gorï Mug (Documents from Mt. Mugh)
-- v. 4. Khwarezmian.
-- v. 5. Saka.
[no. 1] Saka documents I.
[no. 2] Saka documents II.
[no. 3] Saka documents III.
[no. 4] Saka documents IV.
[no. 5] Saka documents V.
[no. 6] Saka documents VI.
[no. 7] Saka documents: Text volume.
-- v. 6. Bactrian
 
Corpus inscriptionum Iranicarum, Pt. 3. Pahlavi inscriptions (1976-1980)
London: P. Lund, Humphries, 1976
Abstract: See review of Pt 3, Vol. 4 Portfolio 1 by N. M Lowick, Numismatic Chronicle, Series 7, vol. 12 (1972), pp. 345-346.
Contents:
Pt. 3. Pahlavi inscriptions.
-- v. 1. Royal inscriptions, with their Parthian and greek versions.
-- v. 2. Private inscriptions of the Classical Period. [no. 1] The inscription of Sar-Mashad. [no. 2] The inscription of Naqs-i Rustam. [no. 3] Minor inscriptions of Kartir, together with the end of Naqs-i Rustam.
-- v. 3. Dura-Europos. [no. 1] The Parthian and Middle Persian inscriptions of Dura-Europos.
-- v. 4-5. Ostraca and Papyri. [no. 1] Ostraca and Papyri.
-- v. 6. Seals and coins. [no. 1] Kushan and Kushano-Sasanian seals and Kushano-Sasanian coins: Sasanian seals in the British Museum. [no. 2] Sasanian seals in the collection of Mohsen Foroughi
 
Maenchen-Helfen, O.
"The Yüeh-chih Problem re-examined" (1945)
Journal of the American Oriental Society, 1945, vol. 65, p. 71-81.
 
"A Parthian Coin-legend on a Chinese Bronze" (1952)
Asia Major, 1952, tome/ser. NS, vol. 3, Part 1, p. 1-6.
 
Magistro, M. R.
"Il grifone nell'arte dell'antica India" (1999)
Parthica, 1999, vol. 1, p. 171-196.
 
Malalas, John
Chronographia (1986)
In: The chronicle of John Malalas / a translation by Elizabeth Jeffreys, Michael Jeffreys, and Roger Scott ; with Brian Croke ... [et al].
Melbourne: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies, 1986, xli+371 p.
Abstract: "Possibly when our knowledge of Parthia in the time of Trajan is much further advanced, we shall be able to untangle the confused account of Malalas and make use of such facts as are present. Now only a small part of the work can be used safely. [Debevoise (1938), p. xxxi]
 
Malitz, Jürgen
"Caesars Partherkrieg" (1984)
Historia, 1984, vol. 33, p. 21-59.
 
Mallet, Alain Manesson
Description de l'univers : contenant les differents systèmes du monde, les cartes generales & particulieres de la geographie ancienne & moderne... (1683)
In: Selected Americana from Sabin's Dictionary of books relating to America, from its discovery to the present time
Paris: D. Thierry, 1683
Abstract: Full title: Description de l'univers : contenant les differents systèmes du monde, les cartes generales & particulieres de la geographie ancienne & moderne; les plans & les profils des principales villes & des autres lieux plus considerables de la terre; avec les portraits des souverains qui y commandent, leurs blasons, titres & livrées; et les moeurs, religions, gouvernemens & divers habillemens de chaque nation / par Allain Manesson Mallet
 
Empire des Perses et des Parthes / Ancienne Perse (1683)
Paris: D. Thierry, 1683
Abstract: 10 x 15 cm, uncoloured Two maps on one sheet from Alain Manesson Mallet's 'Descriptionde l'Univers'. Two miniature maps on sheet, one showing extents of Persian empire to upper edge, below a map of Persia itself.

A German edition is known: from '...Beschreibung des ganzen Weltkreises..., das alte & neue Asia…[Description of the Entire Globe…Old and New Asia]'; vol. 2 of 5, published by Johann Adam Jung in Frankfurt, 1719, pl. 69 & 70 [original French ed: 1683] 5.2 x 10.4, Copper Engraving, Ref: Sabin 4413; Phillips 4280; Pastoureau, Manes-son-Mallet I A/B.
 
"Das Reich der Perser und der Parthen" (1719)
In: Mallet, Alain Manesson (ed.), Beschreibung des ganzen Erdkreis
Frankfurt: Johann Adam Jung, 1719
Abstract: Beschreibung des ganzen Weltkreises..., das alte & neue Asia…[Description of the Entire Globe…Old and New Asia]'; vol. 2 of 5, published by Johann Adam Jung in Frankfurt, 1719, pl. 69 & 70 [original French ed: 1683] 5.2 x 10.4, Copper Engraving, Ref: Sabin 4413; Phillips 4280; Pastoureau, Manes-son-Mallet I A/B.
 
Malter, Joel L.
Parthian Hoard (1968)
San Diego, CA: Malter-Westerfield Pub. Co., 1968, 18 p.
Abstract: Joel Malter's initial report on the famous Arsaces I coin hoard. This is the same information inserted in the 1968 reprint of Gardner's Parthian Coinage which was renamed to The Coinage of Parthia -- Introduction and supplementary catalog of a recent hoard by Joel L. Malter
 
2500 Hundredth Anniversay of Persian Empire; The Coins of Elymais (Fixed price list) (1971)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1971, vol. 1, no. 6 (Winter 71-72), p. 120-121.
Abstract: A price list of coins for sale, 37 Elymais coins illustrated.
 
"The 'Unknown King'. Some Additional Hoard Data" (1971)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1971, vol. 1, no. 2 (Feb-Mar), p. 22-27.
Abstract: Illustrates and describes in detail 47 Parthian hoard coins of Sellwood (1980) types 35 and 36. [See numbering errata sheet in vol 1, no. 3, p. 49.]
 
Parthian Bronzes and Rare Silver Coins (Fixed price list) (1971)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1971, vol. 1, no. 3 (Mar/Apr), p. 56 & plate 13.
Abstract: A price list of 40 Parthian coins for sale.
 
Fixed price list (1972)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1972, vol. 1, no. 9 (Fall), p. 168 & plate 37).
Abstract: A price list of coins for sale, one Parhtian illustrated.
 
Fixed price list (1972)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1972, vol. 1, no. 8 (Summer), p. 152 & plate).
Abstract: A price list of coins for sale, one Parhtian illustrated.
 
"Parthian Coins" (Fixed price list) (1973-1974)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1974, vol. 2, no. 4 (Wnt 73-Spring 74), p. 78-83.
Abstract: A price list of 64 Parthian coins for sale, all illustrated.
 
Fixed price list (1974)
Journal of Numismatic Fine Arts, 1974, vol. 3, no. 2-4, p. 63 & plates 40-41).
Abstract: A price list of coins for sale, eight Parthian coins illustrated.
 
Manandian, H. A.
The trade and cities of Armenia in relation to Ancient World Trade (1965)
Lisbon: 1965
 
Manassero, Niccolò
"Il vaso dipinto di Merv" (2003)
Parthica, 2003, vol. 5, p. 131-154.
 
"Riflessioni su un rhyton del Miho Museum" (2005)
Parthica, 2005, vol. 7
 
Manfrin, Pietro
La cavalleria dei Parthi nelle guerre contro i Romani, con annotazioni di un ex-ufficiale intorno la cavalleria italiana (1893)
Roma: Casa editrice italiana, 1893
Abstract: "Autori consultati e citati nel presente volume": p. [241]-246.
 
Mann, Richard
"Parthian and Hellenistic Influences on the Development of Skanda's Cult in North India: Evidence from Kusana-Era Art and Coins" (2005)
Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 2005, tome/ser. New, vol. 15
 
Marcillet-Jaubert, Jean
"Ala I Augusta Parthorum Antoniniana" (1984)
Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 1984, vol. 54, p. 170.
 
Mariabi, Luca
Rehabilitation of Dahane-ye Gholaman and Kooh-e Khajeh [in Persian]
Abstract: This exciting archaeological report details research and excavation at Dahane-ye Gholaman and Kooh-e Khajeh. It presents the special process of excavation, conservation of sun-dried brick buildings, conservation works of the Parthian and Sassanian figures and pictures on the walls of the Khajeh Palace. [Publisher]
 
Maricq, André
"Hatra de Sanatrouq" et autres [Hatra, Trajan, Vologasias] (1955-1959)
Syria, 1956, vol. 32, 34-36
Abstract: Series of articles in vols. 32 (1955) and 34-36 (1957-1959).
 
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